
It’s so silly.
So, so silly to enter into a tenancy without having the terms clearly set out in a written tenancy agreement. But you already know that.
Sadly, though, it seems to be a painfully common scenario.
Lecture over (so silly!). But if you do find yourself in that situation and you’re not entirely sure where you stand, this is the blog post for you, if you’re a landlord or tenant in England…
Table of contents
- What Happens If You Don’t Have a Tenancy Agreement?
- Is It a Legal Requirement to Have a Written Tenancy Agreement?
- What Are My Legal Rights Without a Written Tenancy Agreement?
- How and When Is a Verbal Tenancy Agreement Created?
- Can a Landlord Evict You Without a Written Tenancy Agreement?
- How to End or Terminate a Tenancy Without a Written Contract
- Why Verbal Tenancy Agreements Are Not Advised
- What Should You Do If You Don’t Have A Written Tenancy Agreement Contract?
What Happens If You Don’t Have a Tenancy Agreement?
As soon as a landlord makes an offer to let a property, the tenant accepts that offer, and rent is paid, a legally binding tenancy agreement is formed – whether or not there is a written agreement in place. More specifically, for landlords and tenants in England, an Assured Periodic Tenancy.
While a verbal agreement isn’t ideal or particularly secure for either party, it’s important to understand that – despite popular belief – it is still a legally binding contract. It is just as valid as a written tenancy agreement, and both tenants and landlords retain statutory rights and protections.
Is It a Legal Requirement to Have a Written Tenancy Agreement?
No.
However, Section 12 of the Renters’ Rights Act (introduced on 1st May 2026) requires all landlords in England with a verbal tenancy agreement to provide existing tenants with a “Written Statement of Terms”. This is essentially a document setting out key terms of the tenancy, such as landlord details, the tenancy start date, and the rent amount.
The information can either be included directly in a written tenancy agreement or issued as a separate document.
To clarify, the Written Statement of Terms is NOT a tenancy agreement. It is simply information that must now be provided in writing to all new tenants, and to existing tenants with a verbal agreement (the deadline was actually 31st May 2026, so if you haven’t done it already – chop, chop!). This is a legal requirement. Since the Renters’ Rights Act, there should never be an entirely undocumented or purely verbal arrangement between landlord and tenant, as tenants are legally entitled to certain key information in writing.
Failure to provide this information could result in hefty fines of up to £7,000.
For more information on what specifically needs to be provided by the landlord, see my Tenancy Written Statement of Terms blog post.
What Are My Legal Rights Without a Written Tenancy Agreement?
The absence of a written tenancy agreement does not affect either party’s statutory legal rights. Both the landlord and tenant are still protected by statutory and common law. In other words, they have the same rights as any other landlord or tenant with a written tenancy agreement.
For example, tenants still have the right to heating, water, and a safe living environment – landlords still have a legal obligation to address repairs and maintenance issues. Likewise, the tenant remains legally obligated to pay rent on time and take reasonable care of the property.
How and When Is a Verbal Tenancy Agreement Created?
A verbal tenancy agreement is created when the following three actions take place:
- An offer
- An acceptance of offer
- Payment (known as the legal term ‘consideration’)
If the above has happened, then with or without a written tenancy agreement, a legally binding tenancy agreement has been created.
There are other elements to consider:
- Both parties must agree to be legally tied to the agreement
- Both parties are capable of making an agreement i.e. not under the age of 18, drunk or insane.
- Both parties must be acting freely and not under duress
- The contract being made cannot be contrary to law
Can a Landlord Evict You Without a Written Tenancy Agreement?
In short, yes.
I’m going to reiterate this once more: all the same regulations and legal procedures apply to every landlord and tenant once a tenancy is formed.
There is only one way to evict a tenant in England, and that is via the Section 8 route.
A Section 8 notice is a formal eviction notice that landlords can serve where there has been a breach of the tenancy agreement (for example, rent arrears, breach of contract terms, or antisocial behaviour), or under specific statutory “no-fault” grounds (such as where the landlord intends to sell the property).
One of the specified grounds for eviction must be used to evict a tenant. If none applies to the landlord’s situation, then it is likely that they have no legal right to evict the tenant.
How to End or Terminate a Tenancy Without a Written Contract
The same options available to every tenant and landlord are available:
- Mutual agreement (i.e. where both landlord and tenant agree to end the tenancy)
- Section 8 eviction by the landlord (where valid legal grounds exist)
- Notice served by the tenant (typically requiring a minimum of 2 months’ notice)
Why Verbal Tenancy Agreements Are Not Advised
Even though verbal agreements are legally binding, it is still advised to always have a written tenancy agreement.
Firstly, and quite frankly, a landlord or tenant that doesn’t have a written contract is an utter shit-for-brains. Pardon my French. But I sincerely mean it.
Written contracts are there to protect both landlord and tenant. I would question any tenant or landlord that proceeds with a tenancy without a written contract. In my opinion, it triggers alarm bells.
Secondly, a written tenancy is created to avoid misinterpretation as well as agreeing to the key points in the tenancy. By having a well-constructed tenancy agreement, which outlines the tenant and landlords’ responsibilities, everyone knows where they stand and what is expected, and any disputes further down the line would be avoided.
What Should You Do If You Don’t Have A Written Tenancy Agreement Contract?
What a pickle!
If you don’t have a written tenancy agreement with an existing tenant, I suggest you get one arranged ASAP, or at the very least, issue them with the Tenancy Written Statement of Terms.
Landlord out xo

Assured Periodic Tenancy (APT) Agreement
- Only £6.99 - Download once, use unlimited times
- The new standard tenancy agreement that replaced Assured Shorthold Tenancy (AST) agreements in England from 1st May 2026
- Suitable for single-let private residential rentals
- Updated in line with the Renters' Rights Act
- Written Statement of Terms included
- GDPR compliant
- Provided in .docx format - fully editable
Disclaimer: I'm just a landlord blogger; I'm 100% not qualified to give legal or financial advice. I'm a doofus. Any information I share is my unqualified opinion, and should never be construed as professional legal or financial advice. You should definitely get advice from a qualified professional for any legal or financial matters. For more information, please read my full disclaimer.
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hi, I need help??? i'm renting a two bedroom house and they been living there for over 6 six years and there was no contract or deposit made....I told them in November that they have to leave and into now we are in February the wife has told me that by law they can live there without paying rent for 3 months. It's been 3 months since they were told to leave and they have been taking stuff out of the house but still living there without paying rent!! what should I do????